5.0 Conclusions
This study investigated the impacts of rising fuel price towards middle income group in Melaka Central. Primary data were collected by randomly distributing questionnaires to 50 respondents. As mentioned earlier in the introduction, the purpose of this study was to assess the current public knowledge on the impacts from rising fuel price towards middle income group and to explore the broader action taken from the government and individual prospect to overcome this situation.
The following conclusions can be drawn based on the findings of the study:
5.1 This study showed that the male were more interested to answer the questionnaire because in daily life male more sensitive about this issue on the impact or rising fuel price.
5.2 The married people were more understandable than single people because they have more liability in their life.
5.3 The more old of the respondents, the less attractive the respondents to answer the questionnaire.
5.4 The private sector provide more opportunity for the respondents to gain more income per month and also can gain others benefits compared to others occupations.
5.5 The level of education among the society be in the range of average compared to others society in others country.
5.6 This study has shown that the cost of living highest due the increasing of the inflation rate that contributes the price of consumer goods increase to high and boost spending per month.
5.7 The results of this study support the ideas that the price of the vehicles is available and the loan offered by the bank is 100% bank loan financing. Nowadays, the vehicles had been some sort of necessities to everybody and also the public transportation system was not effective.
5.8 The results of this study support the ideas that cars give more convenience to consumers compared with the motorcycle’s consumers in term of safety.
5.9 The findings of this study show that most of Malacca’s peoples have more than one vehicle due to the increasing in standard of living.
5.10 The results of the investigation show that the cost of fuel per month highest due the drastically increasing of fuel price.
5.11 The rising fuel price burdens the respondents that lead the other price of consumer product increase and inflation in food price, consumer goods and transportation is inevitable like. These factors contributed to the increases in cost of living.
5.12 The respondents agree that rises of fuel price limits the activities like going to holiday because people must spend more money to make any journey that leads to increases of spending.
5.13 NGV is a good alternative to reduce the cost of fuel because the price of 1 liter NGV cheaper than 1 liter of fuel.
5.14 People too dependent towards the fuel oil subsidies from government and less efforts to handle this problem.
5.15 Government also must give rebate to the people in order to reduce the cost of fuel spending per household. People always hope for the money from government.
5.16 Current consumer goods price affected by the volatility of fuel price that cause the consumer goods increase is too high compare to the household income per month.
5.17 The cost that retailer used to buy the goods was high due to the inflation rate that contributed to rise price of goods.
5.18 Bargaining power of customer in Malaysia is weak and government not imposes strict rules and regulation in setting the consumer price of goods.
5.19 The government’s alternative was successfully implemented to reduce the burden of fuel hike among middle income group.
5.20 Imposing of subsidy will help in reducing the burden of fuel price hike to the society. Saving and investment is one of the ways to overcome the financial crisis of the society.
The results of this study indicate that rising of fuel price bring the implication and can burden the middle income group that earning income between RM 1500 to RM 3500 per month. However, these findings were only true for Melaka Central Society and cannot be generalized to other society around Malaysia. The same study needs to be conducted with respondents from others society around Malaysia to see if there are any similarities of the implication on rising fuel price towards middle income group.
Most of the respondents agreed that increasing in fuel price will give major impact to them because of higher cost of living due to the increasing in consumer price of product, food prices and transportation. It also limits their activities because of higher consumer spending. On top of that, the respondents justified actions that can be taken in order to overcome with installation of NGV, increase subsidies and rebate and also the government shall restrict the rules and regulations towards retailer so that the retailer cannot take advantages on rising fuel price.
6.0 Recommendations
6.1 Recommendations Based on Findings
Based on the findings and conclusions of the study, here are several recommendations to be considered:
6.1.1 The future researchers should to make the questionnaire that can attract female and upgrade the questionnaire with more multiple choice, yes-no or listing questions to make them easy to answer the question and also try to educate female to be more sensitive on this issue.
6.1.2 Other researchers should try to persuade single people in answering with interesting questionnaire and be friendly towards the respondents in order to increase participations from the single people.
6.1.3 The older people should concern more towards the rising fuel price through mass media likes newspapers, magazine, television and radio.
6.1.4 The government sector ought to provide more gratuities and privileges and also increase the government servants’ income per month.
6.1.5 The government and society shall be cooperate together to increase the level of consciousness among Malaysian in order to raise the level of education through motivations, campaign and distribution of information in mass media.
6.1.6 Government should increase the goods or foods subsidy in order to reduce the price of consumer goods and at the same time can reduce the inflation rate.
6.1.7 The financial institutions or bank should implement loan with 80% or 90% bank financing and the rest is paid out by the consumer’s own in order to reduce the number of people that has unable to use vehicle. Besides that, the public transportation system shall be upgrade and be more efficient.
6.1.8 The motorcycle’s manufacturer creates a news motorcycle or renovates the present motorcycles that can give same convenience to consumers with the reasonable price.
6.1.9 The society should use their income to make investments as a guarantee if the rising fuel price happens in the future.
6.1.10 People should increase their income by doing a part time job or using the NGV to reduce cost of fuel. Meanwhile, government must play huge part to educate people how to spend fuel usage such as car pooling programmed or using public transport.
6.1.11 To reduce the burden government can increase the distribution subsidies and rebate to the public. The government should revoke the business license of traders found to have been repeatedly increasing the price of goods.
6.1.12 People can go for holiday with a package and promotion because with this it will less the cost for make the activities and at the same time increase the tourism sector.
6.1.13 Government must increase the NGV station so many people can use NGV to reduce cost of fuel. Beside that, the organizations that involved directly or indirectly need to do R&D to reduce the price to installation of NGV.
6.1.14 Government must give subsidies to the right person that needs the subsidies such as to the fisherman. Government can reduce the subsidies to make people more independent to face the rising fuel price.
6.1.15 Government must make investigation before give the rebate to a right person who’s really need the rebate such as to middle and lower income.
6.1.16 Government and employers should revise back the salaries for the employees so that employee’s salaries can cover the current spending behaviors that currently higher than their income.
6.1.17 Government should reduce taxes on imported raw materials in producing the goods and retailers can avoid buying of consumer goods from the middleman. Besides that, government can increase the subsidy on food in order to reduce the inflation rate.
6.1.18 Customer must be confidence and must have strong bargaining power in order to have power to control the consumer prices. Government should impose more strict rules and regulation in setting consumer price of goods.
6.1.19 The government shall plan more alternative strategies in order to overcome the fuel hike.
6.1.20 Society should increase their savings and make many investments so that they can cover any unexpected costs that may rise in the future.
6.2 Recommendations for Future Research
Since this study had only focused on Melaka Central’s middle income respondents, it is recommended that further studies be carried out on middle income group from other places around Malaysia to see whether there are any similarities in the findings. Furthermore, further research could also explore the actions that shall be taken in order to face this problem. Lastly, although fuel is a necessity, it might be a good idea to investigate the effect of rising fuel price towards others range of income group so that the suitable action can be found according to certain range of income groups.
This study investigated the impacts of rising fuel price towards middle income group in Melaka Central. Primary data were collected by randomly distributing questionnaires to 50 respondents. As mentioned earlier in the introduction, the purpose of this study was to assess the current public knowledge on the impacts from rising fuel price towards middle income group and to explore the broader action taken from the government and individual prospect to overcome this situation.
The following conclusions can be drawn based on the findings of the study:
5.1 This study showed that the male were more interested to answer the questionnaire because in daily life male more sensitive about this issue on the impact or rising fuel price.
5.2 The married people were more understandable than single people because they have more liability in their life.
5.3 The more old of the respondents, the less attractive the respondents to answer the questionnaire.
5.4 The private sector provide more opportunity for the respondents to gain more income per month and also can gain others benefits compared to others occupations.
5.5 The level of education among the society be in the range of average compared to others society in others country.
5.6 This study has shown that the cost of living highest due the increasing of the inflation rate that contributes the price of consumer goods increase to high and boost spending per month.
5.7 The results of this study support the ideas that the price of the vehicles is available and the loan offered by the bank is 100% bank loan financing. Nowadays, the vehicles had been some sort of necessities to everybody and also the public transportation system was not effective.
5.8 The results of this study support the ideas that cars give more convenience to consumers compared with the motorcycle’s consumers in term of safety.
5.9 The findings of this study show that most of Malacca’s peoples have more than one vehicle due to the increasing in standard of living.
5.10 The results of the investigation show that the cost of fuel per month highest due the drastically increasing of fuel price.
5.11 The rising fuel price burdens the respondents that lead the other price of consumer product increase and inflation in food price, consumer goods and transportation is inevitable like. These factors contributed to the increases in cost of living.
5.12 The respondents agree that rises of fuel price limits the activities like going to holiday because people must spend more money to make any journey that leads to increases of spending.
5.13 NGV is a good alternative to reduce the cost of fuel because the price of 1 liter NGV cheaper than 1 liter of fuel.
5.14 People too dependent towards the fuel oil subsidies from government and less efforts to handle this problem.
5.15 Government also must give rebate to the people in order to reduce the cost of fuel spending per household. People always hope for the money from government.
5.16 Current consumer goods price affected by the volatility of fuel price that cause the consumer goods increase is too high compare to the household income per month.
5.17 The cost that retailer used to buy the goods was high due to the inflation rate that contributed to rise price of goods.
5.18 Bargaining power of customer in Malaysia is weak and government not imposes strict rules and regulation in setting the consumer price of goods.
5.19 The government’s alternative was successfully implemented to reduce the burden of fuel hike among middle income group.
5.20 Imposing of subsidy will help in reducing the burden of fuel price hike to the society. Saving and investment is one of the ways to overcome the financial crisis of the society.
The results of this study indicate that rising of fuel price bring the implication and can burden the middle income group that earning income between RM 1500 to RM 3500 per month. However, these findings were only true for Melaka Central Society and cannot be generalized to other society around Malaysia. The same study needs to be conducted with respondents from others society around Malaysia to see if there are any similarities of the implication on rising fuel price towards middle income group.
Most of the respondents agreed that increasing in fuel price will give major impact to them because of higher cost of living due to the increasing in consumer price of product, food prices and transportation. It also limits their activities because of higher consumer spending. On top of that, the respondents justified actions that can be taken in order to overcome with installation of NGV, increase subsidies and rebate and also the government shall restrict the rules and regulations towards retailer so that the retailer cannot take advantages on rising fuel price.
6.0 Recommendations
6.1 Recommendations Based on Findings
Based on the findings and conclusions of the study, here are several recommendations to be considered:
6.1.1 The future researchers should to make the questionnaire that can attract female and upgrade the questionnaire with more multiple choice, yes-no or listing questions to make them easy to answer the question and also try to educate female to be more sensitive on this issue.
6.1.2 Other researchers should try to persuade single people in answering with interesting questionnaire and be friendly towards the respondents in order to increase participations from the single people.
6.1.3 The older people should concern more towards the rising fuel price through mass media likes newspapers, magazine, television and radio.
6.1.4 The government sector ought to provide more gratuities and privileges and also increase the government servants’ income per month.
6.1.5 The government and society shall be cooperate together to increase the level of consciousness among Malaysian in order to raise the level of education through motivations, campaign and distribution of information in mass media.
6.1.6 Government should increase the goods or foods subsidy in order to reduce the price of consumer goods and at the same time can reduce the inflation rate.
6.1.7 The financial institutions or bank should implement loan with 80% or 90% bank financing and the rest is paid out by the consumer’s own in order to reduce the number of people that has unable to use vehicle. Besides that, the public transportation system shall be upgrade and be more efficient.
6.1.8 The motorcycle’s manufacturer creates a news motorcycle or renovates the present motorcycles that can give same convenience to consumers with the reasonable price.
6.1.9 The society should use their income to make investments as a guarantee if the rising fuel price happens in the future.
6.1.10 People should increase their income by doing a part time job or using the NGV to reduce cost of fuel. Meanwhile, government must play huge part to educate people how to spend fuel usage such as car pooling programmed or using public transport.
6.1.11 To reduce the burden government can increase the distribution subsidies and rebate to the public. The government should revoke the business license of traders found to have been repeatedly increasing the price of goods.
6.1.12 People can go for holiday with a package and promotion because with this it will less the cost for make the activities and at the same time increase the tourism sector.
6.1.13 Government must increase the NGV station so many people can use NGV to reduce cost of fuel. Beside that, the organizations that involved directly or indirectly need to do R&D to reduce the price to installation of NGV.
6.1.14 Government must give subsidies to the right person that needs the subsidies such as to the fisherman. Government can reduce the subsidies to make people more independent to face the rising fuel price.
6.1.15 Government must make investigation before give the rebate to a right person who’s really need the rebate such as to middle and lower income.
6.1.16 Government and employers should revise back the salaries for the employees so that employee’s salaries can cover the current spending behaviors that currently higher than their income.
6.1.17 Government should reduce taxes on imported raw materials in producing the goods and retailers can avoid buying of consumer goods from the middleman. Besides that, government can increase the subsidy on food in order to reduce the inflation rate.
6.1.18 Customer must be confidence and must have strong bargaining power in order to have power to control the consumer prices. Government should impose more strict rules and regulation in setting consumer price of goods.
6.1.19 The government shall plan more alternative strategies in order to overcome the fuel hike.
6.1.20 Society should increase their savings and make many investments so that they can cover any unexpected costs that may rise in the future.
6.2 Recommendations for Future Research
Since this study had only focused on Melaka Central’s middle income respondents, it is recommended that further studies be carried out on middle income group from other places around Malaysia to see whether there are any similarities in the findings. Furthermore, further research could also explore the actions that shall be taken in order to face this problem. Lastly, although fuel is a necessity, it might be a good idea to investigate the effect of rising fuel price towards others range of income group so that the suitable action can be found according to certain range of income groups.
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